Efpeglenatide

Hanmi's weekly exendin-based GLP-1 drug, approved in South Korea for weight management in October 2026 as Eppe. Not FDA approved.

Approved outside US A Evidence Approved drug or multiple human RCTs

Also called Eppe, Eppe Auto Injector, Epe, Epe Auto-Injector, Efpe, Effpe, HM11260C, SAR439977, langlenatide, AMPLITUDE-O

All peptides Last reviewed October 26, 2026
Legal status Approved outside US Not on the WADA list
Evidence grade A Approved drug or multiple human RCTs
Human studies 14 published, approximate count
Half-life About 6.6 days time for levels to halve
Route studied Subcutaneous injection (once weekly) GLP-1 / incretin agonist
Watching Efpeglenatide?

When Efpeglenatide's status or evidence changes, it's in the next morning's email.

What it is

Efpeglenatide is a once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist from Hanmi Pharmaceutical. It is built on exendin-4, the Gila monster peptide behind exenatide, and joined through a polyethylene glycol linker to a piece of a human antibody (an IgG4 Fc fragment). That bulky partner slows clearance from the body and gives it a half-life of about 5.5 to 7.5 days.

Sanofi licensed it in 2015 for type 2 diabetes and ran the AMPLITUDE program. In AMPLITUDE-O, 4,076 people with type 2 diabetes and heart or kidney disease had fewer heart attacks, strokes or cardiovascular deaths on efpeglenatide than on placebo (7.0% vs 9.2%, hazard ratio 0.73). Sanofi stopped funding the program and returned the rights in 2020, and Hanmi switched the focus to obesity.

Read the full overview 1 more

On October 7, 2026, Korea's Ministry of Food and Drug Safety approved it as the Eppe Auto-Injector (Korean name 에페, also romanized Epe) for chronic weight management in adults without diabetes. The approval rests on a Korean phase 3 trial of 448 adults that has not yet been published. According to news reports, weight fell 9.02% versus 0.89% on placebo at 40 weeks; Hanmi's earlier interim readout reported 9.75% versus 0.95%. Either figure is less than semaglutide or tirzepatide give in their own trials. It is not approved by the FDA or EMA.

Structure Sequence not published in a usable form
1. Residue 2. Residue 3. Residue 4. Residue 5. Residue 6. Residue 7. Residue 8. Residue 9. Residue 10. Residue 11. Residue 12. Residue N C
Length
Not reported
Origin
Conjugate of an imidazoacetyl-modified exendin-4 peptide (originally from Gila monster venom), a polyethylene glycol linker, and a human IgG4 Fc fragment dimer. Developed by Hanmi Pharmaceutical (FDA substance record UNII 3M1V5Z2270, CAS 1296200-77-5).

How Efpeglenatide works

What it binds to, and what happens inside the body after that, step by step.

Outside the cell Inside the cell
Target GLP-1 receptor (agonist, exendin-based)

Efpeglenatide activates the GLP-1 receptor, like semaglutide and exenatide. That raises insulin when blood sugar is high, lowers glucagon, slows stomach emptying and reduces appetite. The antibody fragment it carries keeps it out of the kidneys and in circulation for days, so it can be given weekly.

  1. 1 Slow absorption After injection, blood levels peak 2 to 6 days later (48 to 144 hours in phase 2 studies).
  2. 2 Long time in the blood The IgG4 Fc fragment slows clearance; half-life was 135 to 180 hours.
  3. 3 GLP-1 receptor activation Insulin release rises with blood sugar, glucagon falls and the stomach empties more slowly.
  4. 4 Less appetite, lower weight According to news reports of the approval, Korean adults without diabetes lost 9.02% of body weight at 40 weeks vs 0.89% on placebo.

What the studies show

Human results and animal results are kept apart below. A result in rats tells you a mechanism is plausible. It does not tell you what happens in a person.

A Evidence

An approved drug in South Korea, with multiple phase 3 RCTs: a 4,076-person cardiovascular outcomes trial showing fewer heart and kidney events in type 2 diabetes, several glucose-lowering trials, and a Korean obesity trial. The obesity phase 3 result is known only from company and news reports, not yet a peer-reviewed paper. Several Sanofi trials were stopped early for funding reasons, not safety.

How far the evidence reaches Highest rung: Regulatory approval
  1. Cell studies In a dish None listed
  2. Animal studies Rodents and other models None listed
  3. Small human studies Open-label, case series Covered by human data
  4. Randomized trials Placebo-controlled RCTs, meta-analyses 6 key studies below
  5. Regulatory approval Approved as a medicine Yes
Preclinical: tells you a mechanism is plausible Human: tells you what happened in people (14 published studies, approx.)

In people 6

Randomized trial 2021

Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Efpeglenatide in Type 2 Diabetes (AMPLITUDE-O)

4,076 adults with type 2 diabetes and heart disease or chronic kidney disease

Heart attack, stroke or cardiovascular death in 7.0% on efpeglenatide vs 9.2% on placebo over a median 1.81 years (hazard ratio 0.73); kidney events 13.0% vs 18.4%.

Read the study
Randomized trial 2026

Korean phase 3 obesity trial (reported at approval, not yet peer reviewed)

448 Korean adults with obesity, average BMI 32, no diabetes

According to news reports, weight fell 9.02% vs 0.89% on placebo at 40 weeks and 75.1% vs 13.5% lost at least 5%; Hanmi's interim topline reported 9.75% vs 0.95%.

Read the study
Randomized trial 2019

Body weight management with efpeglenatide in adults without diabetes: phase 2

297 adults with BMI 30 or higher, or 27 with a related condition

Placebo-adjusted weight loss of 6.3 to 7.2 kg over 20 weeks; 5% to 19% stopped for side effects.

Read the study
Show all 6 studies
Randomized trial 2022

Efpeglenatide monotherapy vs placebo in type 2 diabetes (AMPLITUDE-M)

406 adults with type 2 diabetes on diet and exercise only

HbA1c fell 0.5 to 1.0 points more than placebo at 30 weeks on 2, 4 or 6 mg.

Read the study
Randomized trial 2023

AMPLITUDE-D, -L and -S phase 3 trials

Adults with type 2 diabetes on oral drugs or basal insulin

HbA1c lowering was non-inferior to dulaglutide 1.5 mg; all three trials were stopped early by the sponsor for funding reasons.

Read the study
Randomized trial 2020

Pharmacokinetic and dose-finding studies in type 2 diabetes

119 adults with type 2 diabetes in two phase 2 studies

Half-life was 135 to 180 hours and peak levels came 48 to 144 hours after a dose.

Read the study

In animals and cells 0

No preclinical studies are listed as key studies here. The human data above carries the evidence.

New studies

When a new Efpeglenatide study in people is published, the daily email covers it.

What nobody has measured yet

These are questions the published research has not answered.

  1. 01 Peer-reviewed results of the Korean obesity phase 3, including the 64-week data.
  2. 02 Whether the heart benefit seen in type 2 diabetes applies to people with obesity but no diabetes.
  3. 03 Head-to-head weight loss against semaglutide or tirzepatide.
  4. 04 Whether it will be filed with the FDA or EMA.
  5. 05 Weight regain after stopping.
  6. 06 Safety in children, pregnancy and very old adults.

Efpeglenatide from discovery to today

2015202611 years of research history
  1. 2015Hanmi licenses efpeglenatide to Sanofi for type 2 diabetes.
  2. 2018AMPLITUDE-O cardiovascular outcomes trial starts recruiting.
  3. 2020Sanofi returns the rights; several AMPLITUDE trials are stopped early for funding reasons.
  4. 2021AMPLITUDE-O published in NEJM: 27% fewer major cardiovascular events vs placebo.
  5. 2025Korean phase 3 obesity trial interim results (October); Hanmi files for approval in Korea in December.
  6. 2026Approved in South Korea as Eppe on October 7 for chronic weight management.
Approval or regulatory milestoneResearch milestone
Regulatory · reviewed October 26, 2026

When the FDA or WADA changes Efpeglenatide's status, it's in the next morning's email.

How long it stays in the body

Half-life
About 6.6 days
About 5.5 to 7.5 days (135 to 180 hours)
Routes studied
Subcutaneous injection (once weekly)
Bioavailability
Not published in a source we could verify.
Notes
Peak levels arrive 48 to 144 hours after a dose. Peak-to-trough ratio was only 1.3 to 1.4 with weekly dosing. A pooled population model across six studies found body weight and disease status changed exposure only modestly, supporting one dosing scheme without routine adjustment.
Single-dose clearance

How much of Efpeglenatide is left after a single dose

50%left after 6.6 days
100%50%25%12.5%6.6d13d20d26d33dtime after dose100%50%25%6.6d20d33dtime after dose
Half-lifeAbout 6.6 days
About 97% cleared33 days

Simple first-order model from the published half-life. Real clearance varies with dose, route, kidney and liver function and formulation. This is not a dosing schedule.

Doses used in published studies

This table records the doses that trials and approved labels used, with the source for each row. It is a record of research, not a recommendation, and it is open to free members.

Doses used in published research and approved labels4 rows
Checking membershipEach row names the trial or label, the dose, route, frequency, duration and a link to the source. Free account, no card.

Side effects, higher-risk groups and interactions

5Commonroughly 1 in 10 or more
1Uncommonroughly 1 in 100 to 1 in 10
EffectCommonUncommonRareUnknown
Diarrhea17.6% in the Korean obesity trial.Common
Nausea16.6% in the Korean obesity trial.Common
Indigestion and constipation15.6% and 14.6% in the Korean obesity trial.Common
Vomiting11.6% in the Korean obesity trial; GI effects were more frequent than placebo in AMPLITUDE-O.Common
Stopping for side effects5% to 19% across doses in the 20-week phase 2 obesity trial.Common
Low blood sugarLevel 2 low blood sugar in up to 10% when added to basal insulin (AMPLITUDE-L), up to 1% with metformin.Uncommon
Groups with specific risks
  • The Korean label's full contraindications were not available in a source we could verify. Check the local prescribing information.
  • The Korean approval covers adults without diabetes; it is not approved for children.
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding: not established in published data.
Interactions
  • Insulin and sulfonylureas raise the risk of low blood sugar, as seen in AMPLITUDE-L and AMPLITUDE-S.
  • Slows stomach emptying about as much as liraglutide 1.8 mg at weekly doses, which may change absorption of oral drugs.
  • SGLT2 inhibitors: AMPLITUDE-O stratified by SGLT2 use; the heart benefit was examined with and without them.

Which symptoms are expected and which mean stop and get help: side effects and red flags.

What people say online, checked against the studies

Tap a claim to see what the studies found.

The claim"Efpeglenatide works as well as Wegovy."Not supportedThe evidence does not back this

The Korean trial showed 9.02% weight loss at 40 weeks; semaglutide 2.4 mg showed 14.9% at 68 weeks in its own trial. The trials differ in length and population and were not head to head, but there is no evidence it matches semaglutide.

The claim"Efpeglenatide is FDA approved."Not supportedThe evidence does not back this

It is approved only in South Korea (October 2026). Sanofi's US diabetes program was stopped in 2020 and no US filing has been announced.

The claim"Efpeglenatide protects the heart."MixedSome studies agree, some do not

In AMPLITUDE-O, major cardiovascular events fell 27% in people with type 2 diabetes and heart or kidney disease. That has not been shown in people with obesity alone.

The claim"Efpeglenatide has fewer side effects than other GLP-1 drugs."UntestedNobody has measured this in people

GI side effect rates in the Korean trial (nausea 16.6%, vomiting 11.6%) were lower than reported for Wegovy, but no head-to-head trial has tested this.

Storage and stability

Dry powder (lyophilized)

Supplied as a ready-to-use auto-injector, not a powder. Storage instructions from the Korean label were not available in a source we could verify.

Mixed with water (reconstituted)

Not applicable.

Guide Reconstitution and storage, explainedMembers Bacteriostatic water, fridge vs freezer, and how fast peptides break down.

Related peptides

New Efpeglenatide research, explained when it is published

One email when a trial reads out, a label changes or the FDA acts on a peptide. Free, every source linked, unsubscribe any time.

Frequently asked questions
Is efpeglenatide approved?
Yes, in South Korea only. The Ministry of Food and Drug Safety approved it as the Eppe (Epe) Auto-Injector on October 7, 2026, for chronic weight management in adults without diabetes. It is not approved by the FDA or EMA.
How much weight do people lose on efpeglenatide?
In the 448-person Korean phase 3 trial, news reports of the approval give 9.02% at 40 weeks versus 0.89% on placebo, with 75.1% losing at least 5% of their weight. Hanmi's interim topline reported 9.75% versus 0.95%. The trial has not yet been published in a journal.
Is efpeglenatide the same as exenatide?
No. Both are built on exendin-4, but efpeglenatide is attached to an antibody fragment through a PEG linker, which makes it last about a week instead of hours.
Why did Sanofi drop efpeglenatide?
Sanofi returned the rights to Hanmi in 2020. Its phase 3 trials were stopped early for funding reasons, not for safety or efficacy concerns, and AMPLITUDE-O still reported a heart benefit.
What dose of efpeglenatide is approved in Korea?
Per news reports of the approval, treatment starts at 2 mg weekly, steps up through 4, 6 and 8 mg over 12 weeks, and is maintained at 10 mg weekly.